The English Soundtrack

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Many ethnographic studies demonstrate that music is a participatory, community-based activity. [92] [93] Music is experienced by individuals in a range of social settings ranging from being alone to attending a large concert, forming a music community, which cannot be understood as a function of individual will or accident; it includes both commercial and non-commercial participants with a shared set of common values. Musical performances take different forms in different cultures and socioeconomic milieus. In Europe and North America, there is often a divide between what types of music are viewed as a " high culture" and " low culture." "High culture" types of music typically include Western art music such as Baroque, Classical, Romantic, and modern-era symphonies, concertos, and solo works, and are typically heard in formal concerts in concert halls and churches, with the audience sitting quietly in seats.

Many types of music, such as traditional blues and folk music were not written down in sheet music; instead, they were originally preserved in the memory of performers, and the songs were handed down orally, from one musician or singer to another, or aurally, in which a performer learns a song " by ear". When the composer of a song or piece is no longer known, this music is often classified as "traditional" or as a "folk song". Different musical traditions have different attitudes towards how and where to make changes to the original source material, from quite strict, to those that demand improvisation or modification to the music. A culture's history and stories may also be passed on by ear through song. Main article: 20th-century music Landman's 2006 Moodswinger, a 3rd-bridged overtone zither and an example of experimental musical instruments We're a research-intensive school with an international perspective on English studies. Students can specialise in their chosen subject, whilst taking modules from other programmes, forging interdisciplinary connections. We are famous for our pioneering work with communities, locally and internationally. We encourage our students to get involved and to apply their academic learning, working in partnership with external organisations both within the city of Sheffield and beyond. Anderson, Warren (2001). "Muses". Grove Music Online. Revised by Thomas J. Mathiesen. Oxford: Oxford University Press. doi: 10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.19396. ISBN 978-1-56159-263-0. (subscription or UK public library membership required)

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Ncube, Rosina (September 2013). "Sounding Off: Why So Few Women In Audio?". Sound on Sound. Archived from the original on 24 April 2016 . Retrieved 17 August 2016. monophony: a single melody (or "tune") with neither instrumental accompaniment nor a harmony part. A mother singing a lullaby to her baby would be an example.

Rens Bod (2022). World of Patterns: A Global History of Knowledge. Johns Hopkins University Press. p.169. ISBN 978-1-4214-4345-4. See also: Strophic form, Binary form, Ternary form, Rondo form, Variation (music), and Musical development Sheet music notation for the chorus (refrain) of the Christmas song " Jingle Bells" Jingle Bells refrain vector.mid ⓘ At the university level, students in most arts and humanities programs can receive credit for taking a few music courses, which typically take the form of an overview course on the history of music, or a music appreciation course that focuses on listening to music and learning about different musical styles. In addition, most North American and European universities have some types of musical ensembles that students in arts and humanities are able to participate in, such as choirs, marching bands, concert bands, or orchestras. The study of Western art music is increasingly common outside of North America and Europe, such as the Indonesian Institute of the Arts in Yogyakarta, Indonesia, or the classical music programs that are available in Asian countries such as South Korea, Japan, and China. At the same time, Western universities and colleges are widening their curriculum to include music of non-Western cultures, such as the music of Africa or Bali (e.g. Gamelan music). Stolba, K. Marie (1995). The Development of Western Music: A History (brief seconded.). Madison: Brown & Benchmark Publishers. p.2. Although writers of lists of "rudimentary elements of music" can vary their lists depending on their personal (or institutional) priorities, the perceptual elements of music should consist of an established (or proven) list of discrete elements which can be independently manipulated to achieve an intended musical effect. It seems at this stage that there is still research to be done in this area.

Hubbard, Preston J. (1985). "Synchronized Sound and Movie-House Musicians, 1926–29". American Music. 3 (4): 429–441 [429]. doi: 10.2307/3051829. JSTOR 3051829. Archived from the original on 29 October 2022 . Retrieved 28 May 2023.

Chinese classical music, the traditional art or court music of China, has a history stretching over around three thousand years. It has its own unique systems of musical notation, as well as musical tuning and pitch, musical instruments and styles or musical genres. Chinese music is pentatonic-diatonic, having a scale of twelve notes to an octave (5+7=12) as does European-influenced music. Tymoczko, Dmitri (2011). A Geometry of Music: Harmony and Counterpoint in the Extended Common Practice. New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-533667-2.

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Musical composition, performance and training in the United Kingdom inherited European classical traditions of the eighteenth century (above all, in Britain, from the example of Handel) and saw a great expansion during the nineteenth century. [18] Romantic nationalism encouraged clear national identities and sensibilities within the countries of the United Kingdom towards the end of the nineteenth century, producing many composers and musicians of note and drawing on the folk tradition. [19] W. Apel, Harvard Dictionary of Music Series I: Diaries (Harvard University Press, 2nd edn., 1969), ISBN 0-674-37501-7, p. 292. Aung, Steven K. H.; Lee, Mathew H. M. (2004). "Music, Sounds, Medicine, and Meditation: An Integrative Approach to the Healing Arts". Alternative and Complementary Therapies. 10 (5): 266–270. doi: 10.1089/act.2004.10.266. Main article: Music therapy A music therapist from a "Blues in the Schools" program plays harmonica with a US Navy sailor at a Naval Therapy Center.

What is the definition of music? (What are the necessary and sufficient conditions for classifying something as music?) In the Western art music tradition, improvisation was an important skill during the Baroque era and during the Classical era. In the Baroque era, performers improvised ornaments, and basso continuo keyboard players improvised chord voicings based on figured bass notation. As well, the top soloists were expected to be able to improvise pieces such as preludes. In the Classical era, solo performers and singers improvised virtuoso cadenzas during concerts. Hoad, T. F., ed. (2003) [1996]. "music". The Concise Oxford Dictionary of English Etymology. ISBN 978-0-19-283098-2. Archived from the original on 30 May 2022 . Retrieved 30 May 2022. Alison Abbott. 2002. "Neurobiology: Music, maestro, please!" Nature 416, 12–14 (7 March 2002) | doi: 10.1038/416012a For music, you'll study in our Jessop Building, Soundhouse, and Performance facilities which are specalily designed for cutting-edge research and teaching. Based at the heart of the campus, you'll have access to multi-purpose ensemble and practice rooms, technology labs and recording studios. The University also has a suit of performance venues which provide a platform for bands, solo recitals and public events. School of EnglishOur staff are researchers, critics, and writers. They're also passionate, dedicated teachers who work tirelessly to ensure their students are inspired. Musical improvisation is the creation of spontaneous music, often within (or based on) a pre-existing harmonic framework or chord progression. Improvisers use the notes of the chord, various scales that are associated with each chord, and chromatic ornaments and passing tones which may be neither chord tones nor from the typical scales associated with a chord. Musical improvisation can be done with or without preparation. Improvisation is a major part of some types of music, such as blues, jazz, and jazz fusion, in which instrumental performers improvise solos, melody lines, and accompaniment parts. The Baroque era in music, between the early music of the Medieval and Renaissance periods and the development of fully fledged and formalised orchestral classical music in the second half of the eighteenth century, was characterised by more elaborate musical ornamentation, changes in musical notation, new instrumental playing techniques and the rise of new genres such as opera. Although the term Baroque is conventionally used for European music from about 1600, its full effects were not felt in Britain until after 1660, delayed by native trends and developments in music, religious and cultural differences from many European countries and the disruption to court music caused by the Wars of the Three Kingdoms and Interregnum. [14] Under the restored Stuart monarchy the court became once again a centre of musical patronage, but royal interest in music tended to be less significant as the seventeenth century progressed, to be revived again under the House of Hanover. [15] Sir Edward Elgar